How does a descriptive approach to communication help to mitigate defensiveness?

A descriptive approach to communication is effective in mitigating defensiveness because it emphasizes specific issues rather than generalizing or personalizing problems. When communication is focused on particular behaviors or situations, it allows individuals to address concrete aspects of their performance or interactions without feeling personally attacked. This specificity helps create a more constructive dialogue where the intention is to clarify and resolve issues rather than to criticize or place blame.

In contrast, critiquing individual performance can lead to defensiveness because it targets the individual rather than their actions. Asserting authority may also provoke defensiveness, as it can come across as domineering rather than collaborative. Discussing personal traits tends to generalize and often leads to emotional reactions, again fostering defensiveness. Overall, focusing on specific issues fosters an open environment where individuals feel safe to express themselves and engage in problem-solving rather than entering a defensive state.